TY - JOUR

T1 - Chronic migraine

T2 - Genetics or environment?

AU - Chalmer, Mona Ameri

AU - Rasmussen, Andreas Høiberg

AU - Kogelman, Lisette J.A.

AU - Olesen, Jes

AU - Hansen, Thomas Folkmann

AU - International Headache Genetics Consortium

AU - 23andMe Research Team

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Background: The transition from episodic migraine to chronic migraine, migraine chronification, is usually a gradual process, which involves multiple risk factors. To date, studies of the genetic risk factors for chronic migraine have focused primarily on candidate-gene approaches using healthy individuals as controls. Aims and methods: In this study, we used a large cohort of migraine families and unrelated migraine patients (n > 2200) with supporting genotype and whole-genome sequencing data. We evaluated whether there are any genetic variants, common or rare, with a specific association to chronic migraine compared with episodic migraine. Results: We found no aggregation of chronic migraine in families with a clustering of migraine. No specific rare variants gave rise to migraine chronification, and migraine chronification was not associated with a higher polygenic risk score. Migraine chronification was not associated with allelic associations with an odds ratio above 2.65. Assessment of effect sizes with genome-wide significance below an odds ratio of 2.65 requires a genome-wide association study of at least 7500 chronic migraine patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest that migraine chronification is caused by environmental factors rather than genetic factors.

AB - Background: The transition from episodic migraine to chronic migraine, migraine chronification, is usually a gradual process, which involves multiple risk factors. To date, studies of the genetic risk factors for chronic migraine have focused primarily on candidate-gene approaches using healthy individuals as controls. Aims and methods: In this study, we used a large cohort of migraine families and unrelated migraine patients (n > 2200) with supporting genotype and whole-genome sequencing data. We evaluated whether there are any genetic variants, common or rare, with a specific association to chronic migraine compared with episodic migraine. Results: We found no aggregation of chronic migraine in families with a clustering of migraine. No specific rare variants gave rise to migraine chronification, and migraine chronification was not associated with a higher polygenic risk score. Migraine chronification was not associated with allelic associations with an odds ratio above 2.65. Assessment of effect sizes with genome-wide significance below an odds ratio of 2.65 requires a genome-wide association study of at least 7500 chronic migraine patients. Conclusion: Our results suggest that migraine chronification is caused by environmental factors rather than genetic factors.

KW - genetics

KW - genotype

KW - migraine

KW - neurology

KW - sequence analysis

U2 - 10.1111/ene.14724

DO - 10.1111/ene.14724

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 33428804

AN - SCOPUS:85099750699

VL - 28

SP - 1726

EP - 1736

JO - European Journal of Neurology

JF - European Journal of Neurology

SN - 1351-5101

IS - 5

ER -